Planetary+Science

SCROLL DOWN for Weekly UPDATES and assignments. **Big Idea: Astronomy, Forces and Motion**
 * Established Goals: **

1. Recognize that gravity is a force that pulls all things on and near the earth toward the center of the earth. Gravity plays a major role in the formation of the planets, stars,and solar system and in determining their motions.

2. Describe lunar and solar eclipses, the observed moon phases, and tides. Relate them to the relative positions of the earth, moon, and sun.

3. Compare and contrast properties and conditions of objects in the solar system (i.e. sun, planets, and moons) to those on Earth (i.e., gravitational force, distance from the sun, speed, movement, temperature, and atmospheric conditions).

4. Explain how the tilt of the earth and its revolution around the sun result in an uneven heating of the earth, which in turn causes the seasons.

**What Essential Questions will be considered?**

1. How does Earth move in space?

2. What causes the cycle of seasons on Earth?

3. What determines the strength of the force of gravity between two objects?

4. What two factors combine to keep the moon and Earth in orbit?

5. What causes the phases of the moon?

6. What are solar and lunar eclipses?

7. What causes the tides?

8. What features are found on the moon’s surface?

9. What are some characteristics of the moon?

10. How did the moon form?

11. How did Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler contribute to our knowledge of the solar system?

12. What objects make up the solar system?

13. What is the sun made of?

14. What are the similarities and differences between the inner planets? The outer planets?

**What Understandings are desired?**

**Students will understand that…** 1. Earth moves through space in two major ways: rotation and revolution.

2. Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as it revolves around the sun.

3. The strength of the force of gravity between two objects depends on two factors: the masses of the objects and the distance between them.

4. Newton concluded that two factors - inertia and gravity – combine to keep Earth in orbit around the sun, and the moon in orbit around Earth.

5. The changing relative positions of the moon, Earth, and sun cause the phases of the moon, eclipses, and tides.

6. The phase of the moon you see depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth.

7. When the moon’s shadow hits Earth or earth’s shadow hits the moon, an eclipse occurs.

8. A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes directly between Earth and the sun, blocking sunlight from Earth.

9. During a lunar eclipse, Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon.

10. Tides are caused mainly by differences in how much the moon’s gravity pulls on different parts of Earth.

11. Features on the moon’s surface include maria, craters, and highlands.

12. The moon is dry and airless. Compared to Earth, the moon is small and has large variations in its surface temperature.

13. Scientist theorize that a planet-sized object collided with Earth to form the moon.

14. In a geocentric system, Earth is perceived to be at the center of the revolving planets and stars. In a heliocentric system. Earth and the other planets revolve around the sun.

15. Galileo’s discoveries supported the heliocentric model. Kepler found that the orbit of each planet is an ellipse.

16. The solar system consists of the sun, nine planets and their moos, and a series of smaller objects that revolve around the sun.

17. The sun’s interior consists of the core, radiation zone, and convection zone. The sun’s atmosphere consists of the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona.

18. Features on or just above the sun’s surface include sunspots, prominences, and solar flares.

19. The four inner planets are small and dense and have rocky surfaces.

20. Earth is unique in our solar system in having liquid water at its surface.

21. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are much larger and more massive than Earth, and they do not have solid surfaces.

Glencoe Blue Textbook Objectives:

Chapter 2 – Section 3 Chapter 3- Section 2:
 * Explain the benefits of the space shuttle.
 * Identify the usefulness of orbital space stations.
 * Explore future space missions.
 * Identify the phases of the Moon and their causes.
 * Explain why solar and lunar eclipses occur.
 * Infer what the Moon’s surface features may reveal about its history.

Chapter 3- Section 3
 * Describe recent discoveries about the Moon.
 * Examine facts about the Moon that might influence future space travel.

Chapter 21:
 * Define distance, speed, and velocity.
 * Graph motion.
 * Define Acceleration.
 * Predict what effect acceleration will have on motion.
 * Explain the difference between mass and inertia.
 * Define momentum.
 * Predict motion using the law of momentum

Chapter 22 Chapter 23:
 * Identify forces at work
 * Distinguish between balanced and unbalanced forces
 * Demonstrate Newton’s first law of motion.
 * Explain how friction works.
 * Explain Newton’s second law of motion.
 * Explain why the direction of force is important.
 * Identify the relationship between the forces that objects exert on each other.
 * Define and calculate pressure.
 * Model how pressure varies in a fluid.
 * Explain how pressure in a fluid produces a buoyant force.
 * Define density.
 * Explain floating and sinking using Archimedes’ principal
 * Explain how forces are transmitted through fluids.
 * Describe how a hydraulic system increases force.
 * Describe Bernoull’s principal.

Using Glencoe Blue Chapter 2 p. 40-71 Read and Answer the following questions: Be ready to present your findings to the class – no more than 30 second presentations: Reflecting telescope-Daniel (Section 1) Refracting telescope – Hwan (Section 1) Large Reflecting telescope, 46 - Jerry (Section 1) Active and adaptive optics, p.46 – Byung Kwan (Section 1) Space shuttle – Crystal(Chapter 2, Section 2) Satellite- Eun Seo(Section 1) Space Probe- Mona(Section 1) Next Generation Space Telescope – Alex (Chapter 2, Section 2) International Space Station – So Yeon(Chapter 2, Section 2) Observatory and Hubble- Itsuki (Section 1)
 * What is it?
 * How does it work?
 * Why is it a useful tool?

||
 * Friday**
 * # Show Lunar Eclipse Review eclipses
 * 1) Space Tool Review
 * 2) Quiz
 * 3) Newton’s Toybox Reading, worksheets
 * Current Event

Constellation in Night Sky right now

Newton’s Toybox || Week 31 April 23-27: Moon Myth final draft Space tool research & questions ||
 * Wednesday:**
 * # QQ, BrainPOP, NSTA, Teachers Domain, or Movie Clip
 * 1) Solar System Concept Map
 * 2) Planet Review
 * 3) Worksheet Review
 * 4) Moon Flashcards
 * 5) Moon Myth Date ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">Study for quiz
 * Monday**
 * # <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">QQ, BrainPOP, NSTA, Teachers Domain, or Movie Clip
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">Moon Phase Flip – use Glencoe Blue p.82. Book Work Time – before you staple, practice as flash cards… quiz on Friday
 * 2) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">If complete have them 1-5 on p. 88
 * 3) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">Read p.59-64 Together
 * 4) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">Give out Moon Myth Rubrics
 * 5) <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">Moon Myth Work Time – Rough draft due Wed. ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">Current Moon Phase Observation sheet.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">Moon Flip Book –due Wed.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">Moon Myth Rough Draft

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11px;">Will do 3-2-1 POP on Wed. and Review for Quiz, Review will be posted on Wiki on Monday Night || __ Week 30 - April 16-20 __ Moon Phases observation sheet Blue Textbook Reading p. 55-63 and p.63 - #3 and #6 Blue Textbook Reading p.80-88 Moon myth ||
 * Tuesday **
 * # 1. QQ, BrainPOP, NSTA, Teachers Domain, or Movie Clip
 * 1) 2. Moon Quest p. 55—63
 * 2) 3. Moon questions
 * 3) 4. Moon terminology
 * 4) 5. Moon phases
 * 5) 6. Tides
 * 6) 7. Brainpop
 * 7) 8. Review eclipses
 * 8) 9. Moon myths ||
 * Homework

Read Foss p. 63-66 p.66 Q: 2-4 Impact Crater pre-lab Textbook Chapter 3, section 2 p.88 #1-5 Blue Textbook Reading p. 90-93 ||
 * Thursday: **
 * # 1. QQ, BrainPOP, NSTA, Teachers Domain, or Movie Clip
 * 1) 2. Moon myths
 * 2) 3. The great Moon debate in groups Read Foss p,62 and use Foss computer PS program
 * 3) 4. Impact craters pre-lab
 * 4) 5. Moon Review ||
 * Moon myth

__ Week 29 - April 9-13: __ April 9: How are Space and Forces and Motion connected? Blue Book Q: 1-5, 7

April 11: Forces and Motion Weight vs. Mass worksheet 3-2-1 POP! Rocket Making and Vocabulary

April 13: Forces, Motion and Moon Rocket Making KWHL about the Moon - in Notebook Know? What? How?Learn? Moon Myths- We read Myth #1 Father Moon about Yasi p. 55 You read p. 56-58, Moon Myths #3,4,5 Post on Wiki a Moon Myth you were told by someone in your family or a friend from your culture.
 * Additional Super Scientist Reading: Read FOSS Planetary Science **
 * The Accidental Discovery of America: The First Voyage of Columbus p. 47**
 * Eratosthenes: The First Person to Measure the Earth p. 52**

__ Week March 26-30 __ 1. Computer Lab: Navigation simulation FOSS PS Daylight simulation - FOSS WW

Seasons simulation Seasons Worksheet and Foss WW 2. Read p.72-79 3. Do questions #1-4 in Science Lab NB

3. Do Response Sheet- Focus on Conventions